Among his greatest contributions to ecological theory is the theory of island biogeography, which he developed in collaboration with the mathematical ecologist Robert MacArthur. Wilson has been called "the father of sociobiology" and "the father of biodiversity" for his environmental advocacy, and his secular-humanist and deist ideas pertaining to religious and ethical matters. His biological specialty is myrmecology, the study of ants, on which he has been called the world's leading expert. Wilson is an influential biologist who on numerous occasions has been given the nicknames "The New Darwin", "Darwin's natural heir" or "The Darwin of the 21st century". Wilson, is an American biologist, naturalist, and writer. BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in Ecology and Conservation Biology (2010)Ī Monographic Revision of the Ant Genus Lasius (1955)Įdward Osborne Wilson (born June 10, 1929), usually cited as E.Global Environmental Citizen Award (2001).Carl Sagan Award for Public Understanding of Science (1994).
Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement (1984).
These ants work collectively to ensure that their queen is safe thereby ensuring the life of their species. These ants do not have an authority figure but they still have a common goal of keeping their queen safe. It would be physically impossible for the queen to direct every worker's decision about which task to perform and when” (Johnson 194). As Gordon clear points out “the queen is not an authority figure. The ants are proven to show that they have created a unique system in the absence of hierarchy because they have a common set of goals. Although, the students at Duke and the ants are opposites because one has a hierarchy and the other does not the ants are working together for a common goal. Johnson’s example of the ants resembles individuals fighting for a common goal without a hierarchy. Davidson’s students are using the iPod as a mechanism to create learning applications that allow for individuals to overcome hierarchies. Students are working collectively so that they can fight against the “formal education typically teaches hierarchies of what’s worth paying attention to” (Davidson 51). Individuals had to be unified so people other than the freshmen can receive an iPod therefore breaking away from the standardized school system. That is why students get to learn collectively if they “ a prof to require for a course and come up with a learning app in the course” (Davidson 51). Her students are fighting towards a different learning mechanism that is not forced upon their throats by teachers. Davidson clearly believes that standardized education does not enrich students in a “world of social networking, crowdsourcing, customizing, and user-generated content” (Davidson 55). Davidson explains how “crowdsourcing means inviting a group …show more content… Davidson suggests that the common goal her student’s have is to fight against hierarchy and standard education. Davidson shows this with the iPod experiments that use crowdsourcing. The two authors present individuals working together. Without a hierarchy, interactions between individuals allow for them to learn. Both authors discuss the hierarchies and how it limits individuals from collectively working together. The system is made of many individuals that need to communicate to solve certain problems. Johnson explores different systems and the interactions within them. This is seen in Cathy Davidson’s “Project Classroom Makeover” and in Steven Johnson’s “The Myth of the Ant Queen.” Davidson discusses the importance of working collaboratively. Many believe that interactions produce knowledge.
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